What does positive punishment involve in dog training?

Positive punishment in dog training refers to the introduction of an aversive stimulus to decrease the likelihood of an undesirable behavior occurring in the future. The correct choice involves using a physical response, which can take the form of a correction or an unpleasant sensation, to discourage unwanted behaviors such as jumping.

In this context, the physical response needs to be applied immediately after the undesirable behavior occurs so the dog can make the connection between the action and the consequence. This method aims to reduce the frequency of the jumping behavior by associating it with an unpleasant experience.

The other options provided do not align with the principle of positive punishment. Offering treats for good behavior or praising compliance fall into the category of positive reinforcement, which encourages desirable behaviors instead. Training with toys can also be linked to positive reinforcement rather than punishment. The focus with positive punishment is specifically on decreasing behavior through the introduction of an aversive stimulus, which makes the correct choice the most appropriate answer.