What does "scruffing" refer to in animal restraint?

Scruffing refers specifically to holding the loose skin at the back of an animal's neck. This technique is commonly used during restraint, especially with certain species like cats and puppies, where the skin is flexible enough to allow for a firm grip without causing pain or distress. Scruffing effectively helps to immobilize the animal temporarily, allowing for safe handling during examinations or procedures.

In the context of animal behavior, this method can also exploit the natural instinct many animals have, as mother animals often carry their young by the scruff. Thus, when performed correctly, scruffing provides reassurance and reduces fear in the animal being restrained, making it a widely accepted practice in veterinary settings and animal handling situations.