What is operant conditioning?

Operant conditioning is a learning process in which an animal learns to associate its behaviors with specific consequences, such as rewards or punishments. When an animal performs a desired behavior and receives a reward, such as treats, praise, or playtime, it is more likely to repeat that behavior in the future. This process reinforces positive behavior and can effectively shape an animal's actions over time. The key aspect of operant conditioning is the direct relationship between the behavior and the outcome, which fosters learning based on experience, making it a foundational concept in behavior modification and training of animals.

The other options pertain to different concepts. Communicating with animals typically involves understanding body language and vocalizations rather than rewarding specific actions. Territorial boundaries are established through instinctive behaviors and markings rather than learning through reinforcement. Instinctive behavior refers to innate patterns of behavior that are not learned through experience but are rather part of the animal's genetics.