What is the primary focus of ethology in studying animals?

Ethology primarily focuses on behavioral traits in animals, emphasizing the study of how animals act in their natural environments. This field seeks to understand not only the behaviors that animals exhibit but also the underlying reasons for those behaviors, often considering the evolutionary aspects that influence these actions. Ethologists observe animals in various contexts to identify patterns of behavior, determine how these behaviors enhance survival and reproduction, and explore social interactions among species.

While options related to physical structure, genetic makeup, and environmental impact are important aspects of biology and ecology, they do not capture the essence of ethology, which is predominantly centered around behavior. Understanding behavioral traits can provide insights into how animals adapt to their environments, communicate, find food, mate, and avoid predators, which are all critical to the survival of species.