What might result from an animal's fear responses due to past trauma?

An animal's fear responses due to past trauma can lead to a reluctance to trust humans. This is a common consequence of negative experiences, as trauma can create lasting impressions in an animal’s psyche. When an animal has been subjected to fear-inducing situations, it may develop a heightened sense of anxiety and wariness around people, making it difficult for them to form healthy relationships with humans. This can manifest as avoidance behaviors, aggression, or other signs of distress whenever a human approaches.

In contrast, increased social interactions, improved training outcomes, and enhanced play behavior typically require a sense of security and trust. These positive behaviors are often absent in animals that have experienced trauma, as their fear responses inhibit their willingness to engage positively with others. Thus, the correct answer highlights a crucial aspect of animal behavior that reflects the impacts of negative experiences on trust and comfort with humans.