Which body language indicates that a cat is trying to scare you off?

The indication that a cat is attempting to scare you off is best represented by an arched back with puffed-up fur. This posture is often referred to as "piloerection," where the cat’s fur stands on end, making the cat appear larger and more intimidating. The arched back is a defensive posture that signifies that the cat feels threatened and is preparing to defend itself if necessary. This combination of body language warns potential threats to back off and stay away, as the cat is making it clear that it is in a highly defensive state.

In contrast, lowered ears and slow movements typically suggest a cat that is feeling submissive or unsure, rather than aggressive. Sitting calmly while observing reflects a more relaxed and curious demeanor, not one aimed at scaring off a perceived threat. Tail wagging in conjunction with a crouched stance usually indicates agitation or uncertainty, which does not convey the clear "back off" message that the arched back and puffed fur do.